Owning a fish might seem like a simple responsibility, but many misconceptions about fishkeeping can affect their care and well-being. If you’re a fish owner or considering becoming one, it’s important to know the facts. By understanding what your fishes truly need, you’ll be able to create a healthier, more enjoyable environment for them. Let’s get into these myths and clarify what it truly takes to care for your fish!

Myth #1: Fish Don’t Need Much Space

Myth: “Fish can live happily in a small bowl with minimal space.”

Fact: Fish actually need more room than many people realize. For example, goldfish can grow up to 12 inches long and need ample swimming space and a stable environment to thrive. Keeping them in a small bowl restricts their movement, causing stress that can impact their health.

For a more realistic setup, start with a minimum 20-gallon tank for a goldfish. If you’re caring for active fish like zebra danios or schooling fish like neon tetras, consider larger tanks to accommodate their swimming needs. Bigger tanks not only give fish the freedom to explore but also make it easier to regulate water quality and reduce the frequency of cleaning.

Myth #2: Betta Fish Are Fine in Tiny Tanks Alone

Myth: “Betta fish can live comfortably in a small bowl and don’t need tank mates.”

Fact: Betta fish need at least a 5-gallon tank, along with a filter and a heater to maintain consistent, clean water. While they are territorial and should generally not be housed with other male bettas, they benefit from a more spacious environment where they can exercise and interact with their surroundings.

In fact, bettas can coexist with certain peaceful species like snails or bottom-dwelling fish (e.g., Corydoras catfish), provided the tank is large enough. Always research compatible tank mates before introducing them to avoid stress or aggression.

Myth #3: Fish Only Eat Flake Food

Myth: “Fish only eat basic flake food, which meets all their needs.”

Fact: A varied diet is key for your fish’s health and longevity. Different species have unique nutritional needs: carnivorous fish may prefer live or frozen food like brine shrimp, while herbivores might need plant-based options like spirulina or algae wafers. Even omnivorous species, such as angelfish or gouramis, thrive on a mix of flakes, pellets, and fresh or frozen treats like bloodworms.

An easy tip: consider creating a feeding schedule to rotate different types of food throughout the week. This keeps their diet balanced and provides mental stimulation, too.

Myth #4: Fish Are “Low-Maintenance” Pets

Myth: “Fish require minimal care because they don’t need daily attention.”

Fact: Fishkeeping is more involved than it seems. To keep your fish healthy, you’ll need to monitor tank conditions, change water regularly, and ensure filters and heaters are working properly. Regular testing of pH, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels is also important to catch any imbalances that could harm your fish.

Set up a simple maintenance routine, like testing water quality weekly and cleaning the tank monthly. Small efforts go a long way in preventing health issues and maintaining a vibrant, stress-free environment for your fish.

Myth #5: Fish Don’t Need Social Interaction

Myth: “Fish don’t require socialization; they’re solitary creatures.”

Fact: Many fish species enjoy social interaction with their own kind. Schooling fish like rasboras, neon tetras, and guppies feel secure in groups and exhibit natural behaviors when kept together. Solitary species like bettas or some types of cichlids may be more territorial but still benefit from environmental enrichment through tank decorations or plants.

Creating a dynamic environment helps fish feel engaged. Place caves, plants, and hiding spots strategically within the tank to encourage exploration and interaction. The more natural and enriched the tank feels, the healthier and more active your fish will be.

Myth #6: Fish Are Not Intelligent

Myth: “Fish don’t have the cognitive abilities to learn or remember.”

Fact: Fish are much more intelligent than commonly thought. For instance, oscars and African cichlids can recognize their owners, learn feeding times, and even respond to training. Goldfish and bettas have been shown to remember simple tasks and exhibit curiosity about changes in their environment.

To engage your fish, try introducing safe items like a mirror (for a few minutes a day) or floating objects for them to investigate. These small actions provide mental stimulation and add variety to their routine.

Myth #7: Fish Don’t Need Toys or Enrichment

Myth: “Fish don’t need any enrichment in their environment; they’re content with just water.”

Fact: Fish benefit from enrichment just like any other pet. Items like plants, rocks, and decorations provide places to explore, hide, and even establish territories. For fish like cichlids, which enjoy moving substrate or rearranging rocks, setting up natural decorations can help them stay active and engaged.

If you’re looking to add enrichment, start by choosing decorations specific to your fish’s species. For example, driftwood and caves are ideal for plecos, while broad-leafed plants suit fish like angelfish, who like to rest on them. This keeps the tank interesting and closer to their natural habitat, reducing stress.

Myth #8: Any Fish Can Be Mixed in the Same Tank

Myth: “All fish are compatible and can coexist peacefully in any tank.”

Fact: Not all fish are compatible. Aggressive species like certain cichlids or territorial fish, such as gouramis, may harm more peaceful tank mates. Similarly, some fish have specific habitat needs that differ widely, from temperature to water hardness.

When planning your tank, look up compatible species with similar care needs. Choose tank mates that thrive in similar temperature ranges and water conditions to create a peaceful and stable environment. If in doubt, consult a local fish expert or aquarium store for guidance on which fish can live together harmoniously.

Myth #9: Tap Water Is Fine for All Fish

Myth: “All fish can live in untreated tap water without any issues.”

Fact: Tap water often contains chlorine, heavy metals, and other chemicals that are harmful to fish. Freshwater species, like guppies and angelfish, need treated water to neutralize these toxins, while saltwater species, such as clownfish, have even more specific water requirements.

Investing in a basic water conditioner can neutralize harmful chemicals, making tap water safe for fish. For species with particular needs, such as discus or shrimp, water testing kits are a valuable tool to ensure the conditions are optimal for their health.

Caring for Fish: Tips for Better Fishkeeping

Fishkeeping isn’t just about filling a tank with water and adding fish; it’s a lifestyle that involves understanding, care, and the right setup. Here are some practical ways to enrich your fish’s environment:

  • Choose the Right Tank Size: Larger tanks help maintain stable water conditions and give fish the space to explore, reducing stress.
  • Provide Enrichment: Add plants, caves, and safe decorations to simulate a more natural habitat and give fish areas to explore.
  • Feed a Balanced Diet: Rotate different types of food to meet nutritional needs and keep fish stimulated.
  • Regular Maintenance: Create a schedule to check water quality, clean the tank, and ensure equipment like filters are working well.

With these practical tips and an understanding of common myths, you’re better equipped to create a thriving environment for your fish. Owning fish can be incredibly rewarding, especially when they’re happy and healthy in an environment suited to their needs.